Wire drawing apparatus



H. s. BUS E3 IR E DRAWING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet l Original Filed Sept 15, 1928 Aug. 18, 1936.

Eeisaued Aug. 18, 1936 cacti WIRE naawnso arrannros Herbert S. Busey, Providence, R. 3., asslgnor to Kennecott Wire and Gable Company, Phillipsdale, R. 1., a corporation of Rhode island.

Original No. 1,835,462, dated December 8, 1933, .Serial No. 305,794, September 13, 1528. Application for reissue December 8, 1933, Serial No. 791,470

12 Claims. (oi. cos-25) ing, lubricating and cleaning the die during the I provided with an inner chamber '5 for the lubri- 5 drawing operation. cent and cooling fluid.

One object of the invention is to provide a die- Disposed centrally of the casing l adjacent the holder for interchangeably mounting various front thereof is the die-receiving recess of socket types of dies adapted for drawing wire or the like 9 for holding the die ll! which is usually con- 10 to different sizes. structed in the form of a frusto-conical disk of 10 Another object of the invention is to provide hardened steel. The die iii is pierced with an means for circulating a cooling fluid such as lubriaxial bore or orifice ll through which the wire cant around the die to prevent it from overheatis drawn, the bore ll being enlarged at its mouth 1113 during the drawing process. or entrance I 2 to several times the diameter of Another object of the invention is to provide the stock to be operated upon and tapered in- 15 means for feeding the lubricant to the entrance wardly toward the top to terminate in a conor mouth of the die in such manner as to set up trected delivery opening N accurately sized to arotary motion or whirling action thereof, wherethe diameter of the wire to be produced. The by to clean the die and the wire passing thereentrance l2 of the bore or orifice II has flaring 9 through to prevent the accumulation of dirt, walls which provide a bell-shaped cavity adapted scale of foreign particles thereon. to receive and retain an amount of lubricant Further objects of the improvements are set which is caused to swirl around therein with a forth in the following specification which derotary motion to flush the opening in the manner scribes a preferred form of construction of the and for the purpose as later more fully explained. invention, by way of example only, as illustrated Surrounding the die-recess 9 is a semi-cylin- 25 by the accompanying drawings. drical boss or hub it; which is provided with axial In the drawings: bores or chambers ll and i8 disposed in axial Fig. 1 is a. front sectional view of the improved alinement with the die it! at the top and bottom die-holder and die, taken on the vertical axis of thereof. The-upper bore [l is of less diameter the die and illustrating the wire as being drawn than the die-opening 9 whereby to form shoul- 30 therethrough; ders l9 against which the die ill seats and is'held Fig. 2 is a sectional side view of the die-holder under the lineal thrust of the wire stock W as it and die taken on the vertical axis and illustrating is drawn through the die. A slot or opening 20 the position of thewire in dot-and-dash lines; is provided in the closed top of the casing 6, see Fig. 3 is a plan view of the die-holder, showing Fig. 5, for the passage of the reduced portion W -35 the Wire in transverse section; and of the wire as it draws through the die. Pref- Fig. 4 is an inverted, plan view of the dieerably, the sides of the slot 20 are extended at holder, showing it in section on line H of Fig. 1, the front of the die-holder 2 by forming the hub as viewed in the direction of the arrows. IS with projections or jaws 2| having opposite 40 In the art of drawing wire by reducing the divergent faces which provide a reentrant ta- 40 stock to smaller size the drawing machine is propered mouth leading into the slot 20. vided with a plurality of die-holders in which dies The lower portion of the hub I5 is constructed of diiferent types may be interchangeably in substantially the same manner with the cylinmounted, the dies having orifices of different drical chamber it, before referred to, leading sizes in accordance with the size or diameter of into the die-socket 9. The lower portion of the 45 the wire to be produced. The wire-drawing machamber l8 may be cored out to a larger diamchine or apparatus is notxherein shown or deeter, as shown at 22 in Figs. 1 and 2, and openscribed in detail as it may be of any usual coning through its front wall is an entrance slot 23 struction provided with means for feeding the for the wire stock W. The sides of the slot 23, stock through the dies and coiling or reeling like those of the upper slot 20, are extended in 50 the finished product. divergently faced jaws 24 shown in Fig. 2. This The die-holders are usually bolted or otherwise form of construction provides that the wire may suitably attached to the side of the machine, and first be inserted through the bore or orifice I.l in the preferred embodiment of the invention as in the die Ill and the die then placed in the re- This invention relates to wire-drawing appafor mounting the die through whichthe wire is drawn, and means combined therewith for coolherein shown the holder 2 is constructed in the form of a hollow casing or box having lateral flanges 3 for receiving the bolts 1 which screw into the machine frame 5. The casing 6 of the holder 2 may be of substantially cubicle shape ecs 9 of the holder 2 with the wire guided into position by the reentrant openings to the slots II and 23.

The top of the casing i is extended upwardly in the form of a mushroom-shaped boss I having beveled sides joined to the top of the die-holder 2 and providing an inner sloping-walled chamber 28 surmounting the main fluid chamber 1. Leading from the chamber '26 down into the central chamber or bore II are inclined ducts 21 for feeding the cooling .fluid to the top of the die ll around the delivering end of .the orifice II where the greatest heat is generated during the drawing operation. The ducts 21 are conveniently formed by drilling radial holes through the walls of the casing i at diametrically opposite points on the rim of the boss 25, the beveled face of which provides for spotting the drill. After the ducts 21 have been drilled in this manner the holes in the rim of the boss 25 are tapped to receive screws 26 which are inserted therein with packing-washers or gaskets 29 under their heads to seal the outer wall of the casing against the escape of the lubricant.

The means for lubricating the die at the entrance to its bore or oriflce it constitute an important feature of improvement and comprises a novel arrangement of feed ducts as next described. Drilled through the walls of the hub I and entering into the upper part of the central bore or chamber II are inclined ducts 30 which are disposed in offset relation with respect to the axis of the bore ll inthedie It Asshown most clearly in Fig. 4, the ducts 30 are arranged with their axes substantially tangential to the bore II in the die In and inclined upwardly toward the mouth of the bore. The ducts 3| are drilled through from the outside of the casing 8, bosses ll being preferably provided on the sides thereof as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, with their faces inclined at the proper angle to center the drill during the drilling operation. The holes in the outer walls of the casing i are tapped to receive plugs or screws 33 having washers ll under their heads for sealing the openings in the manner as previously explained. T

Tapped through a boss 35 on one side of the casing 6 of the die-holder 2 is afeed-pipe .1

through which the lubricant is introduced intothe main chamber I under pressure. The pipe II may lead from a suitable reservoir for the lubricant which is connected to a force pump or not herein shown, for forcing the fluid into the chamber 1 and maintaining it under pressure to-cause. it to feed therefrom through the ducts 21 and 30 in the manner and for the purpose as later explained.

The method of operation of the complete apparatus is as follows: the end of the wire stock to be drawn is reduced to a size to allow it to be passed through the orifice II in the die It, it being understood that a die of the required size is selected in accordance with the diameter ofthe wire to be produced. After the wire has been passed through the die II in the manner as above explained the die is inserted in the cavity or socket 9 with the wire entered into the slots II and 23 through their flaring openings. The leading end of the wire is attached tothe means which draws it through the die and the machine is then ready to operate.

During the operation of the machine the pressure means are actuated to force the fluid through the feed-pipe a into the chamber 1 of the casing l,'a suitable lubricant such as soapy solution being used for both cooling the die and lubricating the wire orifice II. The lubricant is thus caused to flll the chamber 1 and to flow therefrom under pressure through the two sets of ducts 21 and 3|. The fluid flowing through the upper ducts '21 is directed down onto the top of the die around the delivery opening l4, accumulating in the pocket or, chamber I! where it acts to cool the die; it being understood that considerable heat is generated from friction as the'stock is reduced in size'at' the contracted end of the bore in the die. 1

The purposeof injecting the fluid at the opposite or'receiving endof thedie I0 is more par- The. lubricating fluid is forced upwardly through 20 the inclined ducts 30 and injected into the flaring mouth I! of theoriflce I I at a tangent to the surface of the wire-stock W feeding therethrough;

ithaving been explained. that these ducts are directed in planes offset from the axis of the bore in the die. As the lubricant is directed into the mouth of the orifice H in this manner a rotary motion or whirling action of the fluid takes place as indicated graphically by the arrows in Fig. 4. The lubricant swirls around-the wire with a rapid motion and is thrown radially outward under centrifugai'force against the walls of the tapered opening 12, whence it drips back into the cham ber II. A portion of the fluid is carried into the restricted end of the bore I l to lubricate its contact with the wire drawing therethrough, but the greater part is whirled around and ejected from the mouth of the bore to flush out the particles of dirt, scale and other matter scraped ofi from the stock. In this manner the entrance of the bore in the die is kept cleanand bright to prevent the accumulation of any foreign matter which might work into the orifice and tend to abrade or rough up the surface of the wire.

It has been demonstrated that a drawing machine equipped with the present improved dieholder can be operated continuously over long periods without requiring periodical cleaning of the dies: and furthermore and most important, the

' wire produced therein is superior in the quality of itssurface finish. That is to say, the finished wire will not be roughed up, scratched on its surface or scarred, but will present a uniformly smooth flnish and bright polish.

My improved die-holder and lubricating device therefore provides for more economical operation of the wire-drawing machine and produces a more uniform and finished product. The device is simple in construction, economical to manufacture and proof against breakage or getting out of order.

While I have herein described and illustrated the device as embodied in a preferred form of construction it is to be understood that various modifications may bemade in the form and arrangement oi its parts without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, without limiting myself in this respect, I'claim:

1. In a wire-drawing apparatus, the combinatiou of a die having an oriflce through which the wire feeds, said orifice formed with a flaring mouth at its end, and a let for injecting fluid into I the mouth of the orifice, said jet having its iongitudinal axlsdisposedat an inclination to the Ion gitudinal axisof the oriflceandin a planeparallel Z8 therewith, whereby said fluid is caused to enter 1 the mouth tangentially of its walls to swirl around therein in a vortex to flush out dirt, scale or other foreign matter therefrom. 2. In a wire-drawing apparatus, the combination of a die having a tapering Orifice through which the wire draws, said orifice continued in a flaring bell-shaped mouth at one end, a duct ex tending toward the orifice with its longitudinal axis disposed at an inclination to the longitudinal axis of the orifice and in a plane parallel therewith, whereby to direct it tangentially of the walls of the flaring mouth, and means for fOX'C", ing fluid through the duct under pressure to cause it to circulate in the mouth of the orifice with a vortex motion to flush out the entrance to the die to remove dirt, scale and other foreign matter therefrom. v

3. In a wire-drawing apparatus, the combination of a die having an orifice through which the wire draws, said orifice formed with a flaring mouth at its end of considerably greater diame ter than the wire, a die-holder having means for mounting the die and provided with a duct having its longitudinal axis disposed at an inclination to the longitudinal axis of the die oriflce and in a plane parallel therewith, whereby to direct it tangentially of the walls of the mouth of the orifice, and means for forcing fluidthrough the duct under pressure to cause it to swirl around in the mouth of the orifice in the die to flush dirt, scale and other foreign matter therefrom.

4. The combination or a die-holder provided with an interior closed chamber and a recessed seat on its side, anapertured die held in the recessed seat of the holder, said die formed with a restricted orifice continued at one end in a flaring mouth, ducts leading from the interior chamber of the die-holder toward the mouth of the die with the axis of each duct disposed at an inclination to the longitudinal axis of the die orifice and in a plane parallel therewith, whereby the ducts are directed tangentially of the walls of the mouth of the die, and means for supplying fluid under pressure to the interior chamber of the die-holder to cause it to flow through the ducts into the mouth of the die in such direction as to effect a vortex action therein to flush out.

particles of dirt, scale and foreign matter therefrom. 5. The combination of a die holder havinga recessed seat on its side for receiving a die, a passageway extending across the seat with walled compartments at either side thereof, said holder also provided with an interior chamber surrounding the seat for containing a cooling fluid, a die adapted to be held in the seat in the holder, said 'die provided with a restricted opening through which the wire draws and said opening having an outwardly flaring mouth, ducts leading from the fluid chamber of the holder into the walled compartments'i'n a direction inclined to and oflset at onesideorthewiredrawingthroughthedieand debouching adjacent the mouth or the die, and means for supplying fluid "under pressure to the interior chamber to cause it to flow through the ducts and into the mouth of the die tangentially of its walls to set up a vortex action therein to flush particles of dirt, scale and other foreign matter therefrom.

6. In a wire drawing apparatus. a die holder pbing said duets with fluid under pressure;

having a die recess, a die in said recess having'an oriflce through which the wire is drawn, said die holder having a plurality of ducts adjacent the mouth of the die and positioned on the same side thereof transversely of the longitudinal axis of 5 the die orifice, said ducts being in substantially dlametric opposed relation to the die orifice, and means for supplying said ducts with fluid under pressure.

7. In a wire drawing apparatus, a die holder having a die recess, a die in said recess having an orifice through which the wire is drawn, said die holder having a plurality of ducts adjacent the mouth of the die and positioned transversely of the longitudinal axis of the die orifice, said ducts' being on opposite sides of the. die entrance and out of line with said axis, and means for supplying said duets with fluid under pressure.

8. In a wire drawing apparatus, a die holder having a die recess, a. die in said recess having an 20 orifice through which the wireis drawn, said die holder having a plurality of ducts adjacent the mouth of thedie and positioned transversely of the longitudinal axis of the die orifice, said ducts being on opposite sides of the die entrance, and 25 means for supplying said duets with fluid under' pressure, said ducts being inclined to said axis. in the direction of movement of the wire therethrough. 1

9. In a wire drawing apparatus, a die holder 30 having a die recess, a die in said recess having an orifice through which the wire is drawn, said die holder having a plurality of ducts adjacent the mouth oi. the die and positioned transversely of the longitudinal axis of the die orifice, said ducts 35 being on opposite sides of the dieentrance and out oi. line with said axis, and means for supplying said duets with fluid under pressure, said ducts walls of said inlet chamber having an inlet duct 45 adjacent the mouth of the die and positioned transversely of the longitudinal axis of the die oriflce, said'inlet duct being out of line with said axis, and means for supplying said inlet duct with fluid under pressure.

11. In a wire drawing apparatus, a die holder having a wire inlet chamber. a die recess, and a wire outlet chamber, a die in said recess havingv an oriflce through which the wire is drawn, the walls of said inlet chamber having an inlet duct adjacent the mouth of the die and positioned transverselyof the longitudinal axis of the die orifice, said inlet duct being out of line with said axis and inclined to said axis in'the direction of movement of the wire therethrough.

12. In a wire drawing apparatus, a die holder having a wire inlet chamber, a die recess, and a wire outlet chamber, said recess having a seat, a die adapted to contact said seat and having an orifice through which the wire is drawn, the walls of said inlet and outlet chambers having sets or fluid inlet ducts respectively adjacent the mouth and the outlet end of said die, and means for supnnnaan'r s. BUSEY. 

